| dilemma | /dɪˈlemə/ | n. 困境;进退两难 | face a dilemma 面临两难;be caught in a dilemma 陷入两难;例句:She faced the dilemma of career versus family. 她面临事业与家庭的两难选择。 | di-(二)+ lemma(命题):两个命题都不好选 |
| aftermath | /ˈæftərmæθ/ | n. 后果;余波 | in the aftermath of the war 战后余波;例句:Food prices soared in the aftermath of the drought. 旱灾过后食品价格飙升。 | after(之后)+ math(割草):割完草后的烂摊子 |
| setback | /ˈsetbæk/ | n. 挫折;倒退 | suffer a setback 遭受挫折;a temporary setback 暂时挫败;例句:The project suffered a major setback in funding. 项目在资金上遭受重大挫折。 | set(放)+ back(向后):被往后放了一步 |
| predicament | /prɪˈdɪkəmənt/ | n. 困境;窘境 | in a difficult predicament 处于艰难困境;例句:The loans left the firm in a serious predicament. 这些贷款使公司陷入严重困境。 | pre-(预先)+ dic(说)+ ament:被"预言"中的尴尬局面 |
| impediment | /ɪmˈpedɪmənt/ | n. 障碍;阻碍 | an impediment to progress 进步的障碍;a speech impediment 口吃;例句:Bureaucracy remains an impediment to reform. 官僚作风仍是改革的障碍。 | im-(不)+ ped(脚,同 pedal)+ ment:绊住脚 |
| entanglement | /ɪnˈtæŋɡlmənt/ | n. 纠缠;瓜葛 | avoid military entanglements 避免军事纠葛;例句:The company sought to avoid overseas entanglements. 公司力图避免海外纠葛。 | tangle(缠结)名词化;外交语境高频 |
| backlash | /ˈbæklæʃ/ | n. 强烈反对;(舆论)反弹 | a public backlash 公众强烈反弹;face a backlash from... 遭……的强烈反对;例句:The fare increase provoked a public backlash. 票价上涨引发公众强烈反弹。 | back(回)+ lash(鞭打):舆论反手一鞭 |
| deterioration | /dɪˌtɪriəˈreɪʃn/ | n. 恶化;退化 | further deterioration 进一步恶化;例句:Doctors noted a rapid deterioration in his condition. 医生注意到他的病情迅速恶化。 | deteriorate(恶化)的名词;近义 decline |
| rupture | /ˈrʌptʃər/ | n. / v. 破裂;(关系)断裂 | a rupture in relations 关系破裂;rupture the pipeline 使管道破裂;例句:The dispute ruptured relations between the two parties. 这场争端使两党关系破裂。 | rupt(断,同 interrupt 打断)+ -ure |
| fracture | /ˈfræktʃər/ | n. / v. 骨折;断裂 | a stress fracture 应力性骨折;fracture the skull 颅骨骨折;例句:Fractures in the bridge's supports were discovered. 桥梁支撑结构发现裂缝。 | fract(碎,同 fragile 易碎)+ -ure |
| embodiment | /ɪmˈbɑːdimənt/ | n. 化身;体现 | the embodiment of... ……的化身;例句:She is the embodiment of calm professionalism. 她是冷静专业的化身。 | embody(体现)的名词;em-(使入体内) |
| enactment | /ɪˈnæktmənt/ | n. (法律)制定;颁布的法令 | the enactment of legislation 立法的通过;例句:The enactment of the law took three years. 该法的通过历时三年。 | enact(制定法律)的名词;en-(使)+ act(法令) |
| astonishment | /əˈstɑːnɪʃmənt/ | n. 惊讶 | to one's astonishment 令某人惊讶的是;例句:To my astonishment, the plan worked. 令我惊讶的是,计划竟然成功了。 | astonish(使震惊)的名词;注意 to one's astonishment 结构 |
| detachment | /dɪˈtætʃmənt/ | n. 超然;客观;分离 | view sth with detachment 冷眼旁观;例句:Good judges need emotional detachment. 好的裁判需要情感上的超然。 | detach(分开)的名词;反义 engagement(投入) |
| indictment | /ɪnˈdaɪtmənt/ | n. 起诉书;(对现象的)控诉 | issue an indictment 提起公诉;a damning indictment of... 对……的严厉控诉;例句:The report is an indictment of the city's housing policy. 该报告是对该市住房政策的严厉控诉。 | in-(进入)+ dict(说)+ ment:把罪状"说进"案卷 |
| refinement | /rɪˈfaɪnmənt/ | n. 改进;提炼;文雅 | further refinements to the design 设计的进一步改进;例句:The design underwent several refinements. 该设计经过多次改进。 | refine(提炼)的名词;re-(再)+ fine(精细) |
| engagement | /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒmənt/ | n. 参与;婚约;约会 | civic engagement 公民参与;rules of engagement 交战规则;例句:Voting is a basic form of civic engagement. 投票是公民参与的基本形式。 | engage(参与;订婚)的名词;一词多义都要认 |
| assortment | /əˈsɔːrtmənt/ | n. 各式各样的聚合 | a wide assortment of... 五花八门的……;例句:The market sells an assortment of local goods. 市场出售各式当地商品。 | assort(分类)的名词;a rich assortment of examples 写作可用 |
| appeasement | /əˈpiːzmənt/ | n. 绥靖;姑息 | a policy of appeasement 绥靖政策;例句:Critics called the deal pure appeasement. 批评者称该协议纯属绥靖。 | appease(安抚)的名词;二战"绥靖政策"考点词 |
| discrepancy | /dɪˈskrepənsi/ | n. 差异;不一致 | a discrepancy between A and B A 与 B 之间的出入;例句:Auditors found a discrepancy between the two sets of figures. 审计人员发现两组数据存在出入。 | dis-(分开)+ creep(响):对不上"响" |
| ambivalence | /æmˈbɪvələns/ | n. 矛盾心理;摇摆 | ambivalence toward... 对……的矛盾态度;例句:Voters showed ambivalence toward both candidates. 选民对两位候选人都态度矛盾。 | ambi-(双,同 ambiguous 模棱两可)+ val(价值):两种价值打架 |
| divergence | /daɪˈvɜːrdʒəns/ | n. 分歧;背离 | a divergence of views 观点分歧;divergence from the plan 偏离计划;例句:There is a growing divergence between theory and practice. 理论与实践的分歧越来越大。 | diverge(分岔)的名词;di-(分开)+ verge(转向) |
| convergence | /kənˈvɜːrdʒəns/ | n. 汇聚;融合 | the convergence of technologies 技术融合;例句:The device marks the convergence of phone and camera. 该设备标志着手机与相机的融合。 | diverge 的反义词;科技评论高频 |
| defiance | /dɪˈfaɪəns/ | n. 违抗;蔑视 | in defiance of... 无视……;公然违抗;例句:They protested in defiance of the ban. 他们无视禁令举行抗议。 | defy(违抗)的名词;in defiance of 是高频介词搭配 |
| vigilance | /ˈvɪdʒɪləns/ | n. 警惕;警戒 | constant vigilance 持续警惕;eternal vigilance 永恒的警惕;例句:Food safety requires constant vigilance. 食品安全需要时刻警惕。 | vigil(守夜)+ -ance:守夜人般的警觉 |
| recurrence | /rɪˈkɜːrəns/ | n. 复发;重现 | prevent a recurrence 防止复发;例句:Regular screening reduces the recurrence of cancer. 定期筛查可降低癌症复发率。 | recur(复发;重现,re- + cur 跑)的名词 |
| prevalence | /ˈprevələns/ | n. 流行;普遍(程度) | the prevalence of obesity 肥胖的普遍程度;例句:The study measured the prevalence of diabetes among adults. 该研究测量了成年人中糖尿病的患病率。 | prevail(盛行)的名词;流行病学与社科文章高频 |
| adherence | /ədˈhɪrəns/ | n. 遵守;附着 | strict adherence to the rules 严格遵守规则;adherence to medication 遵医嘱服药;例句:Strict adherence to protocol prevented errors. 严格按规程操作避免了差错。 | adhere(粘附;遵守)的名词;adhere to 的搭配要连记 |
| coherence | /koʊˈhɪrəns/ | n. 连贯性;条理;凝聚 | lack coherence 缺乏条理;例句:The essay loses coherence in its final section. 文章最后一节条理涣散。 | cohere(连贯)的名词;写作评分核心词,反义 fragmentation |
| prudence | /ˈpruːdns/ | n. 审慎;精明 | fiscal prudence 财政审慎;例句:Fiscal prudence demands smaller deficits. 财政审慎要求压缩赤字。 | prudent(谨慎的)的名词;pro-(提前)+ vid(看):提前看清 |
| compliance | /kəmˈplaɪəns/ | n. 遵从;合规 | in compliance with... 遵照……;regulatory compliance 监管合规;例句:The plant was shut down for non-compliance with emissions rules. 该厂因违反排放规定被关停。 | comply(遵守,comply with)的名词;合规语境高频 |
| resemblance | /rɪˈzembləns/ | n. 相似;相似之处 | bear a resemblance to... 与……相似;例句:The twin bears a strong resemblance to his father. 这个男孩长得酷似其父。 | resemble(像)的名词;bear a resemblance to 是固定搭配 |
| allegiance | /əˈliːdʒəns/ | n. 忠诚;拥护 | pledge allegiance to... 宣誓效忠……;例句:Immigrants pledge allegiance to their new country. 移民宣誓效忠新国家。 | al-(向)+ leg(捆绑,同 liaison 联系):把自己捆上去 |
| sustenance | /ˈsʌstənəns/ | n. 食物;生计;维持 | provide sustenance 提供养分;例句:The land provided sustenance for generations of farmers. 这片土地养活了一代代农民。 | sustain(维持)的名词;sustains the sustenance 联想 |
| nuisance | /ˈnuːsns/ | n. 讨厌的人/事 | a public nuisance 公害;make a nuisance of oneself 惹人嫌;例句:Graffiti is a growing nuisance downtown. 涂鸦成了市中心日益严重的公害。 | nuis(伤害 nocuous 有害的):致害之物即"讨厌鬼" |
| complacency | /kəmˈpleɪsnsi/ | n. 自满;满足现状 | breed complacency 滋生自满;例句:Early success bred complacency within the team. 早期的成功让团队滋生自满。 | com-(共)+ plac(取悦):人人都自我感觉良好 |
| closure | /ˈkloʊʒər/ | n. 关闭;(心理上的)了结 | the closure of schools 学校关闭;achieve closure 获得释怀;例句:The announcement brought closure to a long dispute. 这一通告给旷日持久的争端画上句号。 | close(关闭)的名词;"寻求了结"义常见于心理类文章 |
| disclosure | /dɪsˈkloʊʒər/ | n. 披露;揭发 | full disclosure of... 充分披露……;risk disclosure 风险披露;例句:The law requires full disclosure of campaign donations. 法律要求全面披露竞选捐款。 | disclose(揭露,dis- + close 打开)的名词 |
| exposure | /ɪkˈspoʊʒər/ | n. 暴露;接触;(媒体)报道 | prolonged exposure to sunlight 长时间日晒;media exposure 媒体曝光;例句:Prolonged exposure to noise damages hearing. 长期暴露在噪声中会损伤听力。 | expose(使暴露)的名词;exposure to 是高频介词搭配 |
| enclosure | /ɪnˈkloʊʒər/ | n. 圈占地;附件 | a cattle enclosure 牲畜围栏;例句:The enclosure movement fenced off common land. 圈地运动把公地圈了起来。 | enclose(围起)的名词;英国圈地运动考点词 |
| conjecture | /kənˈdʒektʃər/ | n. / v. 猜测;推测 | pure conjecture 纯属猜测;例句:The cause of the collapse remains a matter of conjecture. 坍塌原因仍属猜测。 | con-(共同)+ ject(扔):把各种说法扔到一起猜 |
| overture | /ˈoʊvərtʃʊr/ | n. 前奏;主动表示 | an overture to peace 和平的初步姿态;例句:The visit was seen as an overture to talks. 此访被视为开启谈判的试探。 | overt(打开)+ -ure:打开门的第一步 |
| fissure | /ˈfɪʃər/ | n. 裂缝;(团体内的)裂痕 | deep fissures within the party 党内深刻裂痕;例句:The crisis exposed deep fissures within the alliance. 危机暴露了联盟内部的深刻裂痕。 | fiss(裂,同 fissure 分裂)+ -ure;与 fracture 分记:前者多引申义 |
| seizure | /ˈsiːʒər/ | n. 癫痫发作;(依法)没收 | suffer a seizure 癫痫发作;the seizure of assets 查封资产;例句:Customs announced the seizure of counterfeit goods. 海关宣布查扣假冒商品。 | seize(抓住;夺取)的名词;医疗与法律双语境 |
| prelude | /ˈpreluːd/ | n. 前奏;序幕 | a prelude to disaster 灾难的先兆;例句:The border clash was a prelude to full-scale war. 边境冲突是全面战争的序幕。 | pre-(前)+ lude(演奏,同 melody 旋律之外的 lud):开场曲 |
| resurgence | /rɪˈsɜːrdʒəns/ | n. 复苏;再起 | a resurgence of interest 兴趣复燃;例句:The policy sparked a resurgence of public debate. 该政策重新点燃了公众辩论。 | resurge(复活,re- + surge 涌起)的名词 |
| revival | /rɪˈvaɪvl/ | n. 复兴;复苏 | an economic revival 经济复苏;a revival of traditional crafts 传统手艺的复兴;例句:The festival sparked a revival of folk music. 该音乐节推动了民谣复兴。 | revive(使复苏)的名词;re-(再)+ viv(活) |
| reversal | /rɪˈvɜːrsl/ | n. 逆转;撤销 | a policy reversal 政策急转;a dramatic reversal 戏剧性逆转;例句:The court's reversal stunned both sides. 法院的改判令双方震惊。 | reverse(颠倒)的名词;"政策大转弯"语境高频 |
| fluctuation | /ˌflʌktʃuˈeɪʃn/ | n. 波动;涨落 | price fluctuations 价格波动;例句:Crop yields are sensitive to rainfall fluctuations. 粮食产量对降雨波动很敏感。 | fluctuate(波动,fluct 波浪)的名词 |
| disruption | /dɪsˈrʌpʃn/ | n. 中断;扰乱;(行业的)颠覆 | widespread disruption 大面积中断;digital disruption 数字化颠覆;例句:The strike caused disruption to rail services. 罢工造成铁路服务中断。 | disrupt(扰乱)的名词;"颠覆式创新"义在商业文章高频 |