翻译 · 章节测
- 适用：学完 翻译 后的全覆盖练习；卷种说明：已锁定英语一（2026-10-15 决断），本卷按英一形态（单句划线翻译）组织，段落全译题可用作语篇训练
- 题量：10 单选 + 8 句翻译 + 1 段落全译 + 补充题组 5 题（源自正文自测）；建议计时 60 分钟
- 做法要求：翻译题先写出主干（S+V+O）再落译文，只看不写不算完成；全部为模拟题（真题风格自编句）
- 答案与踩点解析见答案页；错题登记进 00-错题本，关联考点从"主干/被动/定从/名词化/插入语/倒装/词义/逻辑"中选
一、单选（第 1-10 题）
第 1 题 The proposal was rejected by the committee. 最优译法是（ ）
A. 委员会否决了这项提案。 B. 这项提案被委员会否决了。 C. 人们否决了这项提案。 D. 这项提案拒绝了委员会。
第 2 题 It is widely believed that AI will reshape the job market. 的规范译法是（ ）
A. 它被广泛相信 AI 将重塑就业市场。 B. 人们普遍认为，人工智能将重塑就业市场。 C. AI 被认为正在广泛重塑就业市场。 D. 这被广泛相信：AI 将重塑就业市场。
第 3 题 Students who take notes by hand perform better. 的最优译法是（ ）
A. 学生们，手写记笔记的那些，表现更好。 B. 手写记笔记的学生表现更好。 C. 学生手写，笔记记得更好。 D. 学生们在手边记笔记，表现得更好。
第 4 题 Younger workers switch jobs frequently, which strains personnel departments. 中 which 的处理，正确的是（ ）
A. 译为定语从句："频繁跳槽的年轻员工给人事部门带来压力" B. which 指代前面整句事实，译"这"独立成句："年轻员工频繁跳槽，这给人事部门带来压力" C. which 指代 departments，译"这些部门" D. which 不译，省略
第 5 题 the destruction of the habitat by logging 的规范转换是（ ）
A. 伐木破坏了栖息地。 B. 栖息地的被伐木的破坏。 C. 栖息地被破坏了，被伐木。 D. 破坏栖息地通过伐木。
第 6 题 "as is often the case with new technologies" 在句中作插入语时，标准处理是（ ）
A. 原位保留译作"像新技术的常例" B. 前置译"正如新技术常有的情形那样" C. 删去不译 D. 后置独立成句译"新技术就是这样"
第 7 题 见到 "Only in recent years have economists begun to..."，第一个动作应该是（ ）
A. 直接按原词序翻译 B. 先还原成正常语序（economists have begun to... only in recent years），再翻译 C. 把 Only 译成"仅仅"弱化 D. 查 have begun 的时态用法
第 8 题 句首的 "While the technology is impressive, ..." 中 while 的正确理解是（ ）
A. 当……的时候（时间） B. 然而/尽管（让步），九成情形取此义 C. 只要（条件） D. 同时进行（并列）
第 9 题 "the Chicago school of economics" 中 school 的正确词义是（ ）
A. 学校 B. 学派 C. 鱼群 D. 培训班
第 10 题 限制性定语从句译成前置"的"字定语的经验上限约为（ ）
A. 8 个英文词对应 15 个汉字；超过应拆句 B. 无上限，越长越显水平 C. 5 个汉字 D. 只要句子通顺，不必考虑长度
二、句子翻译（第 11-18 题，先写主干再写译文）
第 11 题（结构：被动 + 施动者）The new regulation was blocked by the city council.
第 12 题（结构：名词化）The rapid spread of online payment has reshaped daily commerce.
第 13 题（结构：定语从句 + 宾语从句）Officials who attended the hearing admitted that the timetable was unrealistic.
第 14 题（结构：which 指代整句）Older bridges were built to lighter standards, which makes retrofitting them expensive.
第 15 题（结构：as 评注插入语）Quality, as any manufacturer will concede, is easier to define than to deliver.
第 16 题（结构：Only 倒装 + 被动）Only after the audit was completed did the board disclose the losses.
第 17 题（结构：同位语从句 + 插入分隔）The assumption, widespread in the industry, that deadlines can always be met by adding manpower, was disproved decades ago.
第 18 题（结构：what 主语从句 + not...but）What the survey exposed is not that people lack information but that they ignore it.
三、段落全译（第 19 题，英二形态）
第 19 题 将下面段落完整译成中文（约 120 词；先逐句切主干，再整体润色）：
Urban planning has long been treated as a technical exercise, the business of experts who divide the city into zones and then defend the boundaries they have drawn. In practice, the effects of these decisions are felt most by the residents who were rarely consulted. The revival of many old districts began not with a master plan but with small, unplanned changes—a market here, a repaired sidewalk there—which attracted people back to streets that had been abandoned. What successful cities have learned is that planning works best when it guides growth rather than dictates it.
补充题组（补-1～补-5，源自《翻译》自测）
补-1 "the committee's rejection of the plan" 这类名词化结构，标准译法公式是什么？译出中文。
补-2 "as is often the case with new technologies" 在句中作插入语时怎么处理？
补-3 见到 "Only in recent years have economists..." 你的第一个动作是什么？
补-4 "The reform was abandoned by the ministry." 给出最优译法与次优译法。
补-5 翻译：The policy, though popular, has failed to address the concerns of small businesses.