Unit39 熟词僻义专项

  • 所属:高频核心词 · 词汇库导览
  • 话题:熟词僻义——考研阅读最大的隐形坑:认识却读错的词。每个词都"熟",但考的偏偏是僻义。词表按"本义(熟)→ 僻义(考)"组织,搭配例句尽量用僻义
  • 学法:先遮住释义自问"我以为的意思 vs 考研考的意思",只记僻义即可;方法论锚点见 词汇策略与分层记忆 的熟词僻义锚点表;学完做文末自测,按 导览 的 1/2/4/7/15 天周期复习
  • 音标为美式 IPA;例句均为本站自编

词表(50 词)

单词音标词性与核心释义搭配与例句记忆点
school/skuːl/n.(僻)学派;流派;鱼群the Chicago school of economics 芝加哥经济学派;a school of thought 思想流派;例句:She belongs to a new school of urban planning. 她属于城市规划的新学派。a school of fish 一群鱼;academic 后缀类文章"学派"义高频
book/bʊk/v.(僻)预订 n.(僻)账簿book a flight 预订航班;bring sb to book 追究某人责任;例句:The manager booked the venue a month ahead. 经理提前一个月订下场地。book early and save 早订优惠;by the book 按章办事
company/ˈkʌmpəni/n.(僻)陪伴;同伴;宾客群enjoy sb's company 乐于与某人相处;in the company of... 在……陪同下;例句:She was grateful for the company of fellow hikers. 她感谢同行徒步者的陪伴。keep sb company 陪伴某人;a company of actors 一班演员
bear/ber/v.(僻)承受;生育;带有 n. 熊bear the cost 承担费用;bear fruit 结出果实;例句:The database bears the brunt of read traffic. 数据库承受了读流量的主要压力。bear sth in mind 记在心里;born(出生)为 bear 过去分词引申
figure/ˈfɪɡjər/n.(僻)数字;人物 v.(僻)认为;计算unemployment figures 失业数字;a key figure in the scandal 丑闻关键人物;例句:I figure the migration will take a week. 我估计迁移要花一周。figure out 弄明白(高频短语,Unit36);a mother figure 母亲般的人物
last/læst/v.(僻)持续;维持the battery lasts ten hours 电池续航十小时;the effects last for days 效果持续数天;例句:The hype lasted barely a quarter. 这股热潮只维持了一个季度。last but not least 最后但同样重要;the last straw 最后一根稻草
convention/kənˈvenʃn/n.(僻)惯例;公约;大会by convention 按照惯例;the Geneva Conventions 日内瓦公约;例句:By convention, the incumbent speaks last. 按惯例,现任者最后发言。coding conventions 编码规范(工程直觉可迁移);"大会"义见 political convention
sport/spɔːrt/v.(僻)炫耀;公开穿戴 n. 运动sport a new haircut 炫新发型;sport a badge 佩戴徽章;例句:He sported a company polo at the meetup. 他在聚会上穿着公司 POLO 衫。反向记忆:很多人"运动"到"炫耀"想不到一起——考的就是这个
subject/səbˈdʒekt/n.(僻)对象;科目;受试者 adj.(僻)易遭受的 v.(僻)使遭受research subjects 研究受试者;subject to approval 需经批准;例句:Prices are subject to change. 价格可能变动。subject... to...(使遭受)与 be subject to(易受……影响)双考;受试者义科研文章高频
object/əbˈdʒekt/v.(僻)反对 n.(僻)对象;目标object to the proposal 反对该提案;the object of the study 研究对象;例句:Residents objected to the zoning change. 居民反对分区调整。动词重音在后(-ject),名词重音在前;object to + doing
project/prəˈdʒekt/v.(僻)投射;预测 n. 项目project revenue 预测营收;project an image of... 塑造……形象;例句:Analysts project steady growth through 2030. 分析师预测增长持续到 2030 年。动词重音在后;projection n. 预测("投射"→把未来投到眼前)
admit/ədˈmɪt/v.(僻)容纳;承认the hall admits 500 people 大厅可容纳五百人;admit to a mistake 承认错误;例句:The theater admits only ticket holders. 剧院只允许持票者进入。"承认"义更常见,"容纳"义与 capacity 呼应(Unit32)
chair/tʃer/v.(僻)主持 n.(僻)主席(职位)chair a meeting 主持会议;the chair of the committee 委员会主席;例句:She chaired the review board for two years. 她主持评审委员会两年。take the chair 就任主席;名词"主席"义正式文体高频
code/koʊd/n.(僻)法典;准则;行为规范a code of conduct 行为准则;the building code 建筑法规;例句:Doctors follow a strict code of ethics. 医生遵守严格的伦理准则。a moral code 道德准则;工程直觉"代码"是本义外的第一考义
house/haʊz/v.(僻)容纳;收藏(重音后移)the gallery houses the collection 美术馆收藏该批藏品;house the homeless 收容无家可归者;例句:The wing houses the research labs. 该侧翼容纳各研究实验室。动词读音 /haʊz/(浊化);"收藏/容纳"义博物馆语境高频
land/lænd/v.(僻)谋得;获得;着陆land a job 谋得职位;land a deal 达成交易;例句:She landed a scholarship to MIT. 她拿到了麻省理工的奖学金。"着陆"→"落下好东西"→"谋得";land on one's feet 化险为夷
meet/miːt/v.(僻)满足;达到;迎接meet the deadline 赶上截止期;meet the criteria 符合标准;例句:The prototype failed to meet safety criteria. 原型未达到安全标准。meet one's needs 满足需求;meet a challenge 迎接挑战
odd/ɑːd/adj.(僻)奇数的;零散的;反常的odd numbers 奇数;odd jobs 零工;at odd times 在零散时段;例句:He did odd jobs between contracts. 他在合同间隙打零工。odd(奇数)vs even(偶数)——408 读者对奇偶校验直觉可迁移;oddly enough 说来奇怪
gross/ɡroʊs/adj.(僻)总的;毛的;(俚)恶心的gross income 总收入;gross domestic product 国内生产总值;例句:Gross profit rose 8% year on year. 毛利润同比增长 8%。gross vs net(净的)成对考;in gross 大体上
net/net/adj.(僻)净的;最终的 v.(僻)净赚net profit 净利润;net gain 净收益;例句:The deal netted the firm $2 million. 这笔交易为公司净赚两百万美元。net effect 最终效果;与 gross(毛的)相对——工程直觉"网络"义反而不常考
fair/fer/n.(僻)集市;博览会 adj. 公平的a trade fair 商品交易会;a job fair 招聘会;例句:The startup debuted at the tech fair. 这家初创公司在科技展会上首次亮相。book fair 书展;形容词"公平的"为熟义,名词"集市"为考义
court/kɔːrt/n.(僻)球场;宫廷;奉承 v.(僻)招致;追求a tennis court 网球场;court disaster 招致灾祸;例句:Cutting corners courts disaster. 偷工减料会招致灾祸。hold court(君临众人);"宫廷"义 the court of Louis XIV
change/tʃeɪndʒ/n.(僻)零钱;换乘 v. 改变exact change 准备好零钱;a change of trains 换乘火车;例句:The bus takes exact change only. 该公交只收准确零钱。"零钱"义听力与完形偶考;change hands 易手
associate/əˈsoʊʃieɪt/n.(僻)同事;伙伴 adj.(僻)副的 v. 联想;交往a business associate 生意伙伴;an associate professor 副教授;例句:He dined with a close associate. 他与一位密友共进晚餐。associate A with B(把 A 与 B 联系起来);associate degree 副学士学位
appropriate/əˈproʊprieɪt/v.(僻)挪用;拨款 adj. 恰当的appropriate funds for... 为……拨款;例句:Congress appropriated funds for disaster relief. 国会为救灾拨款。动词重音在后;"挪用公款"义 legal 语境高频
deliberate/dɪˈlɪbəreɪt/v.(僻)深思;商议 adj.(僻)蓄意的deliberate on the matter 就此事商议;a deliberate lie 蓄意谎言;例句:The jury deliberated for six days. 陪审团商议了六天。动词重音在后;形容词"深思熟虑的/蓄意的"双考
fine/faɪn/n.(僻)罚款 v.(僻)处以罚款 adj.(僻)细微的a parking fine 违停罚款;fine distinctions 细微差别;例句:The firm was fined for data breaches. 该公司因数据泄露被罚款。fine print(合同)小字条款;"细微的"义与 Unit32 distinction 呼应
telling/ˈtelɪŋ/adj.(僻)显著的;有力的a telling example 有力的例子;a telling detail 关键细节;例句:Her silence was telling. 她的沉默很说明问题。tell(说明)→ telling(能说明问题的);同族结构见下条 engaging
becoming/bɪˈkʌmɪŋ/adj.(僻)合适的;相称的a becoming dress 合身的裙子;unbecoming conduct 有失体统的行为;例句:Such language is unbecoming of a manager. 这种言辞有失经理身份。"变美/变合适"义已陈旧,考研考"得体的";unbecoming 更常见
engaging/ɪnˈɡeɪdʒɪŋ/adj.(僻)迷人的;引人入胜的an engaging speaker 吸引人的演讲者;engaging content 引人入胜的内容;例句:The lecturer is engaging and precise. 讲课者引人入胜且精确。engage(吸引住)+ -ing;"互动"义为工程直觉,"迷人"义为考义
trying/ˈtraɪɪŋ/adj.(僻)令人苦恼的;难熬的a trying period 艰难时期;trying circumstances 艰难的处境;例句:The outage made it a trying week for the ops team. 宕机让运维团队度过艰难一周。try(考验)+ -ing;"试"为熟义,"折磨人的"为考义
pronounced/prəˈnaʊnst/adj.(僻)明显的;显著的a pronounced effect 显著效果;a pronounced accent 浓重口音;例句:The data shows a pronounced gender gap. 数据显示明显的性别差距。pronounce(宣告)→被宣告出来的→显著的;与 marked 近义
staggering/ˈstæɡərɪŋ/adj.(僻)令人震惊的staggering costs 惊人成本;a staggering number 惊人的数字;例句:The project ran up staggering debts. 项目累积了惊人债务。stagger(摇晃)→让人站不稳的;与 astonishing 近义
biting/ˈbaɪtɪŋ/adj.(僻)尖刻的;凛冽的biting sarcasm 尖刻的讽刺;biting cold 刺骨严寒;例句:The critic's biting review sank the film. 评论家尖刻的影评葬送了这部电影。bite(咬)+ -ing;"咬人的批评"→尖刻
consuming/kənˈsuːmɪŋ/adj.(僻)强烈的;吞噬一切的an all-consuming obsession 压倒一切的痴迷;例句:Grief can be all-consuming. 悲痛可以吞噬一切。all-consuming 复合形式高频;consume(吞噬)本义引申
arresting/əˈrestɪŋ/adj.(僻)醒目的;引人注目的an arresting design 吸睛设计;例句:The poster's arresting visuals drew crowds. 海报醒目的画面吸引人群。arrest(抓住)→抓住眼球的;与 striking(显著的)近义
society/səˈsaɪəti/n.(僻)社团;协会a chess society 棋类社团;the Royal Society 英国皇家学会;例句:She joined the historical society. 她加入了历史学会。"社团"义完形偶考;the learned societies 学术团体
fashion/ˈfæʃn/n.(僻)方式 v.(僻)塑造in a similar fashion 以类似方式;fashion a solution 塑造方案;例句:The tool fashions raw data into reports. 该工具把原始数据塑造成报告。after the fashion of 效法……;"时尚"为熟义,"方式"为考义
measure/ˈmeʒər/n.(僻)措施;程度 v.(僻)权衡safety measures 安全措施;in some measure 在某种程度上;例句:The city adopted tougher measures. 该市采取了更严措施。take measures 采取措施;beyond measure 无法估量
article/ˈɑːrtɪkl/n.(僻)物品;条款toilet articles 盥洗用品;Article 5 of the treaty 条约第五条;例句:The articles of the constitution define powers. 宪法条款界定权力。an article of clothing 一件衣物;"文章"为熟义,"物品/条款"为考义
party/ˈpɑːrti/n.(僻)一方;当事人the contracting parties 缔约各方;a third party 第三方;例句:Both parties signed the settlement. 双方签署了和解协议。"当事人"义法律语境高频;third-party API(第三方接口)工程直觉可迁移
piece/piːs/n.(僻)作品;(一块)文章a piece of legislation 一项立法;opinion pieces 评论文章;例句:The magazine ran a piece on data centers. 杂志刊登了一篇关于数据中心的文章。a piece of writing 一篇文字;go to pieces 崩溃
register/ˈredʒɪstər/v.(僻)显出;注意到;登记register a concern 流露出担忧;register little surprise 并不惊讶;例句:The verdict barely registered with the crowd. 判决几乎没引起人群注意。"登记"为熟义;"脸上显出/心里注意到"为考义——同 408"寄存器"三义同源
make/meɪk/n.(僻)品牌;型号 v.(僻)凑成;等于a famous make of car 名牌汽车;two plus two makes four 二加二等于四;例句:The laptop is an unknown make locally. 这款笔记本在当地是不知名品牌。make believe 假装;make do with 凑合用
read/riːd/v.(僻)写着;读数为;解读the sign reads "closed" 牌子上写着"歇业";例句:The gauge read 90 degrees. 仪表读数为 90 度。read between the lines 领会言外之意;"写着"义阅读理解直接命题点
work/wɜːrk/v.(僻)起作用;奏效 n.(僻)作品the patch works 补丁奏效;a work of art 艺术品;例句:The workaround worked on most systems. 该变通方案在多数系统上奏效。works 工厂(gasworks 煤气厂);"作品"义可数
train/treɪn/n.(僻)一系列;后果 v. 训练a train of events 一连串事件;a train of thought 思路;例句:The error triggered a train of failures. 该错误引发一连串故障。a train of reasoning 推理链;"一连串"义与 cascade 呼应
observe/əbˈzɜːrv/v.(僻)遵守;评说;庆祝observe the rules 遵守规则;observe an anniversary 庆祝周年;例句:The court observed that the law was unclear. 法庭指出该法律含糊不清。"观察"为熟义;"遵守(observe the protocol 遵守规程)"为高频考义
treat/triːt/v.(僻)处理;招待;探讨 n.(僻)乐事treat the topic探讨该话题;treat sb to dinner 请某人吃饭;例句:The chapter treats the security implications. 本章探讨安全影响。treat with(对付/交涉);trick or treat 万圣节"不给糖就捣蛋"
sound/saʊnd/adj.(僻)健全的;透彻的 v.(僻)测深;试探sound advice 合理建议;a sound sleep 酣睡;sound out opinions 试探意见;例句:The panel gave a sound analysis of the risks. 小组对风险给出透彻分析。sound reasoning 严密推理;与 solid 近义;"声音"为熟义

自测(10 题)

第 1-4 题:写出下列句中熟词的僻义

  1. The theater admits only ticket holders.
  2. The wing houses the research labs.
  3. She landed a scholarship to MIT.
  4. The gauge read 90 degrees.

第 5-7 题:选词填空(从本单元词表选词的适当形式填空)

  1. Congress ______ funds for disaster relief.(拨款)
  2. The jury ______ for six days before reaching a verdict.(商议)
  3. Her silence was ______.(很说明问题)

第 8 题:介词填空

  1. Residents objected ______ the zoning change.

第 9-10 题:汉译英(用上括号内词的僻义)

  1. 原型未达到安全标准。(meet)
  2. 这种言辞有失经理身份。(unbecoming / becoming)
答案与解析
  1. 容许进入(容纳义)。【考点:熟词僻义;难度:中;错因提醒:admit 除"承认"外还有"容纳/允许进入"义】
  2. 容纳/安置。【考点:熟词僻义;难度:中;错因提醒:house 动词读 /haʊz/,"收藏/容纳"义博物馆语境高频】
  3. 谋得/拿到。【考点:熟词僻义;难度:中;错因提醒:land 僻义"成功获得"(land a job/deal)】
  4. 读数为。【考点:熟词僻义;难度:中;错因提醒:read 僻义"显示读数";the sign reads... 牌子上写着】
  5. appropriated。【考点:选词填空;难度:难;错因提醒:appropriate 动词(重音在后)"拨款/挪用",勿用形容词义】
  6. deliberated。【考点:选词填空;难度:中;错因提醒:deliberate 动词(重音在后)"商议",陪审团语境高频】
  7. telling。【考点:选词填空;难度:中;错因提醒:telling 僻义"能说明问题的",勿理解为"正在告诉"】
  8. to。【考点:介词搭配;难度:易;错因提醒:object to + 名词/动名词,固定搭配】
  9. The prototype failed to meet safety criteria.【考点:汉译英+僻义;难度:中;错因提醒:meet 僻义"满足(标准/需求)";fail to do 未能】
  10. Such language is unbecoming of a manager.【考点:汉译英+僻义;难度:难;错因提醒:becoming(得体的)否定形式 unbecoming;be unbecoming of sb 固定结构】