Unit28 艺术与文学

  • 所属:高频核心词 · 词汇库导览
  • 话题:艺术与文学——考研阅读艺术人文类文章(文学作品评论、艺术资助、文化政策、创意产业)的骨架词。画廊博物馆等场所词见 Unit23-场所与机构,文艺复兴与文物词汇见 Unit13-历史与文明,媒体受众类词汇见 Unit10-媒体与传播
  • 学法:先通读词表划掉已熟词;重点记"搭配与例句"列;学完做文末自测,按 导览 的 1/2/4/7/15 天周期复习
  • 音标为美式 IPA;例句均为本站自编

词表(50 词)

单词音标词性与核心释义搭配与例句记忆点
aesthetic/esˈθetɪk/adj. 美学的;审美的 n. 美学观念aesthetic judgment 审美判断;aesthetic value 审美价值;例句:The building was criticized on aesthetic grounds. 这座建筑因审美原因受到批评。名词形式为 aesthetics(美学);拼写勿混 ascetic(苦行的)
poetry/ˈpoʊətri/n. 诗歌(总称);诗意a volume of poetry 一部诗集;the poetry of everyday life 日常生活的诗意;例句:She started writing poetry in high school. 她高中开始写诗。poem(一首诗,可数)与 poetry(诗的总称,不可数)分工
metaphor/ˈmetəfər/n. 隐喻;象征a metaphor for... ……的隐喻;例句:The bridge is a metaphor for connection between two worlds. 这座桥是两个世界相连的隐喻。meta(超越)+ phor(携带):把意义"带过去";与 simile(明喻)相对
simile/ˈsɪməli/n. 明喻an extended simile 延展的明喻;例句:"As brave as a lion" is a common simile. 像狮子一样勇敢是常见的明喻。与 similar 同源:明说"像";metaphor 则省略 like/as 直接等同
imagery/ˈɪmɪdʒri/n. 意象;(总称)图像vivid imagery 生动的意象;satellite imagery 卫星图像;例句:The poet uses ocean imagery throughout the collection. 诗人在整部诗集中使用海洋意象。image + -ry(总称):诗学"意象"与遥感"成像"双高频
sculpture/ˈskʌlptʃər/n. 雕塑(术/品)v. 雕刻a bronze sculpture 青铜雕塑;例句:The park features sculptures by local artists. 公园里陈列着本地艺术家的雕塑。sculpt v. 雕刻;sculptor n. 雕塑家,三人称分工记
sculptor/ˈskʌlptər/n. 雕塑家a celebrated sculptor 知名雕塑家;例句:The sculptor works mainly with marble and driftwood. 这位雕塑家主要用大理石和浮木创作。sculpt(雕刻)+ -or(人)
statue/ˈstætʃuː/n. 雕像;塑像erect a statue of... 为……立像;a bronze statue 铜像;例句:A statue of the founder stands in front of the library. 图书馆前立着创始人的雕像。与 status(地位)形近;statue 指"像",sculpture 侧重雕塑艺术
novel/ˈnɑːvl/n. 小说 adj. 新颖的a bestselling novel 畅销小说;a novel approach 新颖的方法;例句:The team took a novel approach to the problem. 团队采用了一种新颖的办法来解决这个问题。僻义"新颖的"为考研熟词僻义高频:a novel idea / a novel solution
novelist/ˈnɑːvəlɪst/n. 小说家a prize-winning novelist 获奖小说家;例句:The novelist draws on her childhood memories. 这位小说家取材于自己的童年记忆。novel + -ist(从事者)
fiction/ˈfɪkʃn/n. 小说(总称);虚构science fiction 科幻小说;the line between fact and fiction 事实与虚构的界限;例句:The film blurs fact and fiction. 这部电影模糊了事实与虚构。不可数名词;fictional adj. 虚构的;fictitious 编造的
literature/ˈlɪtrətʃər/n. 文学;(某学科的)文献classical literature 古典文学;the scientific literature 科学文献;例句:The paper reviews the existing literature on sleep. 该论文综述了现有的睡眠研究文献。"文献综述"义为学术阅读高频:review the literature
literary/ˈlɪtəreri/adj. 文学的a literary prize 文学奖;literary criticism 文学批评;例句:Her literary career spans four decades. 她的文学生涯长达四十年。literature 的形容词;注意与 literate(识字的)区分
prose/proʊz/n. 散文;(总称)书面表述a piece of prose 一篇散文;poetry and prose 诗与散文;例句:The essay is written in clear, simple prose. 这篇文章用清晰朴素的文字写成。与 verse(韵文)相对;in prose 以散文体
verse/vɜːrs/n. 诗;韵文;一节诗nursery rhymes and children's verse 童谣与儿歌诗;例句:He recited the closing verse of the poem. 他朗诵了诗的最后一节。与 prose 相对;versus(对抗)同根"转"
rhyme/raɪm/n. 韵;押韵诗 v. 押韵nursery rhymes 童谣;rhyme with... 与……押韵;例句:"Day" rhymes with "way". day 和 way 押韵。拼写勿写 rime;rhyme and reason(道理、条理)为习语
rhythm/ˈrɪðəm/n. 节奏;韵律;(生物)节律the rhythm of the drums 鼓点节奏;circadian rhythms 昼夜节律;例句:Remote work can disrupt your natural rhythm. 远程办公可能打乱你的自然节律。"昼夜节律"义为科普阅读高频;拼写注意 -thm 无元音
melody/ˈmelədi/n. 旋律;曲调a haunting melody 萦绕心头的旋律;a hummable melody 易上口的曲调;例句:The melody returns at the end of the symphony. 这段旋律在交响乐结尾处再现。mel(甜,同 melon)+ ody(歌):甜美的歌
symphony/ˈsɪmfəni/n. 交响乐a symphony orchestra 交响乐团;例句:The orchestra performed Beethoven's Ninth Symphony. 乐团演奏了贝多芬第九交响曲。sym-(共同)+ phon(声音):多种声音合鸣
orchestra/ˈɔːrkɪstrə/n. 管弦乐队conduct an orchestra 指挥管弦乐队;例句:She plays cello in a youth orchestra. 她在青年管弦乐团拉大提琴。源自希腊语"跳舞之地";重音在第一音节
opera/ˈɑːprə/n. 歌剧an opera house 歌剧院;Peking opera 京剧;例句:The opera opens with a quiet overture. 这部歌剧以安静的序曲开场。operatic adj. 夸张戏剧化的;overture 序曲
ballet/bæˈleɪ/n. 芭蕾舞;芭蕾舞剧a ballet dancer 芭蕾舞演员;例句:She trained as a ballet dancer from age five. 她五岁起接受芭蕾训练。源自法语,结尾 t 不发音;ballet slippers 芭蕾舞鞋
drama/ˈdrɑːmə/n. 戏剧;戏剧性事件a costume drama 古装剧;a drama series 电视连续剧;例句:The rescue became a national drama. 营救行动成了牵动全国的戏剧性事件。源自希腊语"做、演";形容词 dramatic(急剧的)见 Unit20
stage/steɪdʒ/n. 舞台;阶段 v. 上演stage a play 上演一出戏;at an early stage of... 在……的早期;例句:The troupe staged three shows a week. 剧团每周上演三场。双义:剧场"舞台/上演"与过程"阶段";a stage of life 人生阶段
performance/pərˈfɔːrməns/n. 表演;表现;性能a live performance 现场演出;academic performance 学业表现;例句:The chip's performance improved by 40 percent. 该芯片性能提升了 40%。三义通吃:艺术"演出"、学生"成绩"、机器"性能"
masterpiece/ˈmæstərpiːs/n. 杰作;代表作an acknowledged masterpiece 公认的杰作;例句:The ceiling fresco is considered his masterpiece. 这幅天顶湿壁画被视为他的代表作。master(大师)+ piece(一件):大师之作
exhibition/ˌeksɪˈbɪʃn/n. 展览;表现host an exhibition 举办展览;an exhibition of courage 勇气的展现;例句:The gallery hosts an exhibition of ink paintings. 美术馆举办水墨画展。exhibit(展出)+ -ion;make an exhibition of oneself 出洋相(僻义)
curator/kjʊˈreɪtər/n. 策展人;(博物馆)馆长a museum curator 博物馆策展人;例句:The curator arranged the pieces chronologically. 策展人按时间顺序布展。cur(照管)+ -ator:照料展品之人;curate v. 策划
patron/ˈpeɪtrən/n. 赞助人;庇护人;老主顾a patron of the arts 艺术赞助人;例句:The restaurant's patrons are mostly locals. 这家餐厅的主顾多为本地人。patr(父,同 paternal):像父亲一样扶持你的人;patronage n. 资助
portrait/ˈpɔːrtrət/n. 肖像;写照a portrait of the author 作者的肖像;a portrait of rural life 乡村生活的写照;例句:The novel is a portrait of factory life in the 1960s. 这部小说是六十年代工厂生活的写照。por-(向前)+ trait(描画):把面貌描出来
canvas/ˈkænvəs/n. 画布;帆布a blank canvas 空白画布;a canvas bag 帆布包;例句:The artist stretched a fresh canvas for the commission. 艺术家为这幅订件绷了一块新画布。与 cannabis(大麻)同源(帆布原为麻织品);under canvas 在帐篷中(僻义)
artistic/ɑːrˈtɪstɪk/adj. 艺术的;有艺术天赋的artistic expression 艺术表达;artistic talent 艺术天赋;例句:The city funds artistic projects in public schools. 该市资助公立学校的艺术项目。artist + -ic;artistically adv. 在艺术上
craftsmanship/ˈkræftsmənʃɪp/n. 手艺;工艺水准fine craftsmanship 精湛工艺;例句:Visitors admire the craftsmanship of the wooden shrine. 参观者赞叹木造神龛的工艺。craftsman(工匠)+ -ship(技艺);可泛指任何"匠心"
creativity/ˌkriːeɪˈtɪvəti/n. 创造力foster creativity 培养创造力;例句:Design thinking rewards structured creativity. 设计思维奖励有章法的创造力。create + -ivity;与 innovation(创新)连用高频
creative/kriˈeɪtɪv/adj. 创造性的;有创意的creative thinking 创造性思维;a creative solution 有创意的解决办法;例句:The agency won the account with a creative campaign. 广告公司凭创意广告拿下客户。create + -ive;the creative industries 创意产业
imagination/ɪˌmædʒɪˈneɪʃn/n. 想象力capture the imagination of... 激发……的想象;beyond imagination 超出想象;例句:The story captured the imagination of a generation. 这个故事激发了一代人的想象。imagine 的名词;capture one's imagination 为固定搭配
inspire/ɪnˈspaɪər/v. 激发;赋予灵感inspire confidence 激发信心;be inspired by... 受……启发;例句:Her courage inspired the whole team. 她的勇气激励了整个团队。in-(进入)+ spire(呼吸):把气息吹进去→注入灵感;inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的
narrative/ˈnærətɪv/n. 叙述;叙事 adj. 叙事的a dominant narrative 主导叙事;narrative structure 叙事结构;例句:The film rejects the traditional narrative structure. 这部电影摒弃了传统叙事结构。narrate(讲述)衍生;"主导叙事"义为社会评论高频
theme/θiːm/n. 主题;(音乐的)主旋律the theme of the novel 小说的主题;a theme park 主题公园;例句:Loss and memory recur as themes in her work. 失落与记忆是她作品中反复出现的主题。与 thesis(论点)同根"放置";themes 与 recur 搭配高频
symbolic/sɪmˈbɑːlɪk/adj. 象征的a symbolic gesture 象征性姿态;symbolic meaning 象征意义;例句:The dove is symbolic of peace. 鸽子象征和平。symbol(象征)+ -ic;be symbolic of... 为固定搭配
irony/ˈaɪrəni/n. 反讽;讽刺;具讽刺意味之事a touch of irony 一丝讽刺;the irony is that... 讽刺的是……;例句:The irony is that the security firm suffered a data breach. 讽刺的是这家安全公司遭遇了数据泄露。ironic adj. 反讽的;"事与愿违的对照"义阅读高频
satire/ˈsætaɪər/n. 讽刺;讽刺作品a biting satire 辛辣的讽刺作品;political satire 政治讽刺;例句:The novel is a satire of academic life. 这部小说是对学院生活的讽刺。satirical adj. 讽刺的;与 irony 近义但多指"作品"
vivid/ˈvɪvɪd/adj. 生动的;鲜艳的a vivid description 生动的描写;vivid memories 鲜活的记忆;例句:The report paints a vivid picture of rural poverty. 报道生动地描绘了农村贫困。viv(活,同 survive):"活生生"的;paint a vivid picture 固定搭配
abstract/ˈæbstrækt/adj. 抽象的 n. 摘要 v. 提取abstract concepts 抽象概念;an abstract of the paper 论文摘要;例句:Hard skills are easier to test than abstract reasoning. 硬技能比抽象推理更容易测评。abs-(远离)+ tract(拉):从具体中拉出来;"论文摘要"义学术阅读高频
critique/krɪˈtiːk/n. 批评;评论(文章) v. 评论a critique of modern consumerism 对现代消费主义的批判;例句:The book offers a sharp critique of campus culture. 本书对校园文化提出尖锐批判。与 critic(评论家)、critical(批判性的)同族;法语拼写 -que
composition/ˌkɑːmpəˈzɪʃn/n. 构图;作曲;作文;组成the composition of the committee 委员会的构成;a composition for piano 钢琴曲;例句:The painting's composition draws the eye to the doorway. 这幅画的构图把视线引向门口。compose(组成/作曲)的名词;"组成成分"义科技阅读高频
folklore/ˈfoʊklɔːr/n. 民间传说;民俗a figure in local folklore 当地传说中的人物;例句:The hero of frontier folklore is part reality, part invention. 边疆传说中的英雄半真半假。folk(民间)+ lore(口传知识);folkloric adj.
myth/mɪθ/n. 神话;错误观念Greek myths 希腊神话;dispel a myth 破除错误观念;例句:The study dispels the myth that we use only 10 percent of our brains. 该研究破除了"人只用了大脑 10%"的错误观念。"谬见"义为科普阅读高频:the myth that...;mythical adj. 神话的
character/ˈkærəktər/n. (小说/戏剧中的)人物;性格;汉字the main character 主角;a character flaw 性格缺陷;例句:The novel's characters feel strikingly real. 小说中的人物显得格外真实。三义皆高频:文学"人物"、心理"性格"、中文"汉字";in character 符合人设
debut/deɪˈbjuː/n. 首演;首次亮相 v. 首次亮相make one's debut 首次亮相;a debut novel 首部小说;例句:The director's debut film won three awards. 这位导演的处女作电影斩获三项奖。源自法语"第一步";词尾 t 不发音

本单元自测(10 题,模拟题)

第 1-4 题:写出下列搭配的中文意思

  1. take a novel approach to the problem
  2. capture the imagination of a generation
  3. a biting satire of academic life
  4. make her debut on the international stage

第 5-7 题:选词填空(vivid / imagery / theme,注意正确形式)

  1. The war report paints a ______ picture of life in the besieged city.
  2. The poet repeats water ______ throughout the collection.
  3. Loss and memory recur as ______ in her early work.

第 8 题:介词/副词填空

  1. The young playwright drew inspiration ______ local folklore.

第 9-10 题:汉译英(用本单元词汇)

  1. 这座青铜雕像被视为这位雕塑家的代表作。(bronze / statue / sculptor / masterpiece)
  2. 评论界盛赞这部小说生动的意象与巧妙的隐喻。(critics / vivid / imagery / metaphor)
点击展开答案与简析
  1. 采用一种新颖的方法来解决这个问题。【考点:熟词僻义;难度:中;错因提醒:novel 此处为形容词"新颖的",勿理解为名词"小说";a novel approach 为高频搭配】
  2. 激发一代人的想象。【考点:固定搭配;难度:中;错因提醒:capture the imagination of... 意为"激发……的想象",imagination 不可数,勿加 s】
  3. 对学院生活的辛辣讽刺。【考点:名词释义;难度:中;错因提醒:biting 意为"尖刻的";satire 指讽刺作品或讽刺手法】
  4. 在国际舞台上首次亮相。【考点:固定搭配;难度:低;错因提醒:make one's debut 为固定搭配;debut 词尾 t 不发音】
  5. vivid。【考点:形容词辨义;难度:低;错因提醒:paint a vivid picture of...(生动描绘……)为固定搭配】
  6. imagery。【考点:名词辨义;难度:中;错因提醒:意象为不可数的总称名词 imagery,不可写 images;water imagery 水的意象】
  7. themes。【考点:名词复数与搭配;难度:中;错因提醒:recur(反复出现)提示用复数 themes;as themes in her work 中的介词用 in】
  8. from。【考点:介词搭配;难度:低;错因提醒:draw inspiration from...(从……中汲取灵感)为固定搭配】
  9. The bronze statue is regarded as the sculptor's masterpiece.【考点:汉译英+被动表达;难度:中;错因提醒:"被视为"用 be regarded as / be considered;masterpiece 可数,前面加 a 或用 one's masterpiece】
  10. Critics praised the novel for its vivid imagery and clever metaphors.【考点:汉译英+名词搭配;难度:中;错因提醒:"因……而称赞"praise... for...;metaphor 可数,"巧妙的隐喻"用 clever/ingenious metaphors】