| alliance | /əˈlaɪəns/ | n. 结盟;联盟 | form an alliance with... 与……结盟;a military alliance 军事同盟;例句:The two countries formed a military alliance during the war. 两国在战争期间结成军事同盟。 | ally(结盟)+ -ance:结盟的状态;NATO 即军事同盟 |
| ally | /ˈælaɪ/ | n. 盟友;同盟国 v. 结盟 | a close ally of... ……的亲密盟友;ally oneself with... 与……结盟;例句:The country remained a close ally of its neighbor. 该国一直是其邻国的亲密盟友。 | 名词重音在前 /ˈælaɪ/,动词重音在后 /əˈlaɪ/ |
| ceasefire | /ˈsiːsfaɪr/ | n. 停火(协议) | a ceasefire agreement 停火协议;violate the ceasefire 破坏停火;例句:Both sides agreed to a ceasefire monitored by UN observers. 双方同意在联合国观察员监督下停火。 | cease(停止)+ fire(开火):停止开火 |
| territorial | /ˌterəˈtɔːriəl/ | adj. 领土的;领地的 | territorial disputes 领土争端;territorial integrity 领土完整;例句:The two states have long-standing territorial disputes over the border. 两国在边界问题上存在长期领土争端。 | territory(领土)的形容词;动物界 territorial behavior(领地行为) |
| territory | /ˈterətɔːri/ | n. 领土;版图;领域 | disputed territory 有争议领土;uncharted territory 未知领域;例句:The island has been Chinese territory for centuries. 该岛数百年来一直是中国领土。 | terr(地)+ -itory:大地的一角 |
| embargo | /ɪmˈbɑːrɡoʊ/ | n. 禁运(令)v. 禁止贸易 | an arms embargo 武器禁运;impose an embargo on... 对……实施禁运;例句:The UN imposed an arms embargo on the regime. 联合国对该政权实施武器禁运。 | 西班牙语借词;impose/lift an embargo 固定搭配,介词 on |
| mediation | /ˌmiːdiˈeɪʃn/ | n. 调解;斡旋 | under UN mediation 在联合国斡旋下;offer mediation 提出调解;例句:The hostages were freed through international mediation. 人质通过国际斡旋获释。 | mediate(调解)的名词;mediator(调解人) |
| mediator | /ˈmiːdieɪtər/ | n. 调解人;中间人 | act as a mediator 充当调解人;例句:The UN acted as a mediator between the two sides. 联合国在双方之间充当调解人。 | medi(中间,同 medium)+ -ator:站在中间的人 |
| envoy | /ˈenvɔɪ/ | n. 特使;使节 | a special envoy 特使;send an envoy to... 派遣使节赴……;例句:The UN sent a special envoy to restart the talks. 联合国派出特使重启谈判。 | en-(使)+ voy(路):被派上路的人 |
| embassy | /ˈembəsi/ | n. 大使馆;使馆全体人员 | the Chinese embassy 中国大使馆;embassy staff 使馆人员;例句:Protesters gathered outside the embassy gates. 抗议者聚集在大使馆门外。 | ambassador(大使)所在的机构;consulate 是领事馆 |
| negotiation | /nɪˌɡoʊʃiˈeɪʃn/ | n. 谈判;协商 | enter into negotiations 开始谈判;under negotiation 在谈判中;例句:The two sides broke off negotiations last week. 双方上周中断了谈判。 | 常用复数 negotiations;break off(中断)为高频搭配 |
| arbitration | /ˌɑːrbɪˈtreɪʃn/ | n. 仲裁;公断 | binding arbitration 有约束力的仲裁;go to arbitration 提交仲裁;例句:The dispute was settled through international arbitration. 争端通过国际仲裁得到解决。 | arbitrate(仲裁)的名词;比 mediation 更具约束力 |
| unilateral | /ˌjuːnɪˈlætrəl/ | adj. 单方面的;单边的 | unilateral action 单方面行动;a unilateral decision 单方面决定;例句:The move was condemned as a unilateral violation of the agreement. 此举被谴责为单方面违反协议。 | uni-(单一)+ lateral(边的) |
| bilateral | /baɪˈlætərəl/ | adj. 双边的;双方的 | bilateral talks 双边会谈;a bilateral agreement 双边协定;例句:The two leaders held bilateral talks on trade. 两位领导人就贸易举行双边会谈。 | bi-(两)+ lateral(边的);trilateral(三边的) |
| multilateral | /ˌmʌltiˈlætərəl/ | adj. 多边的;多国的 | multilateral cooperation 多边合作;a multilateral treaty 多边条约;例句:Climate change can only be tackled through multilateral cooperation. 气候变化只能通过多边合作应对。 | multi-(多)+ lateral(边的) |
| pact | /pækt/ | n. 条约;协定;盟约 | sign a pact 签订条约;a trade pact 贸易协定;例句:The two countries signed a non-aggression pact. 两国签署了互不侵犯条约。 | 与 package 同根"捆紧";a peace pact(和平条约) |
| accord | /əˈkɔːrd/ | n. 协议 v. 相符;授予 | a peace accord 和平协议;in accord with... 与……一致;例句:The peace accord ended a decade of civil war. 这份和平协议结束了十年内战。 | 与 according to 同根;in accord with 为高频搭配 |
| autonomy | /ɔːˈtɑːnəmi/ | n. 自治(权);自主(权) | regional autonomy 区域自治;gain autonomy 获得自治权;例句:The region was granted a degree of autonomy. 该地区被授予一定程度的自治权。 | auto-(自己)+ nomos(法律):自己给自己定法律 |
| annexation | /ˌænekˈseɪʃn/ | n. 吞并;兼并 | the annexation of territory 吞并领土;例句:The annexation of the region drew international condemnation. 对该地区的吞并招致国际谴责。 | annex(吞并)的名词;an-(向)+ nex(系):把别人土地"系"过来 |
| invasion | /ɪnˈveɪʒn/ | n. 入侵;侵略;涌入 | the invasion of... 对……的入侵;an invasion of privacy 侵犯隐私;例句:The invasion triggered a wave of international protests. 这场入侵引发国际抗议浪潮。 | invade(入侵)的名词;"涌入"义如 an invasion of tourists(游客蜂拥而至) |
| aggression | /əˈɡreʃn/ | n. 侵略(行为);攻击性 | an act of aggression 侵略行为;military aggression 军事侵略;例句:Any act of aggression will be met with a firm response. 任何侵略行为都将遭到坚决回击。 | aggress(进攻)的名词;aggressive 常见义"咄咄逼人的、有进取心的" |
| retaliation | /rɪˌtæliˈeɪʃn/ | n. 报复;反击 | in retaliation for... 作为对……的报复;threaten retaliation 威胁报复;例句:The strike was launched in retaliation for the attack. 这次打击是对那次袭击的报复。 | retaliate(报复)的名词;近义词 revenge(复仇) |
| provocation | /ˌprɑːvəˈkeɪʃn/ | n. 挑衅;激怒 | military provocation 军事挑衅;without provocation 无端地;例句:The shelling was seen as a deliberate provocation. 这次炮击被视为蓄意挑衅。 | provoke(激怒)的名词;pro-(向前)+ voc(喊):冲人叫嚣 |
| warfare | /ˈwɔːrfer/ | n. 战争(状态);作战 | chemical warfare 化学战;cyber warfare 网络战;例句:Cyber warfare has become a new threat to national security. 网络战已成为国家安全的新威胁。 | war + fare(状态):战争总称,如 guerrilla warfare(游击战) |
| coup | /kuː/ | n. 政变;(成功的)妙举 | stage a military coup 发动军事政变;a coup attempt 政变企图;例句:The president was overthrown in a military coup. 总统在军事政变中被推翻。 | 法语借词,读 /kuː/;a major coup 引申"漂亮的一击" |
| truce | /truːs/ | n. 休战;停战 | call a truce 宣布停战;break the truce 破坏停战;例句:The rivals called a truce to allow aid in. 交战方宣布停战以便救援物资运入。 | 与 true 同源:暂且"成真"的和平 |
| armistice | /ˈɑːrmɪstɪs/ | n. 停战协定 | sign an armistice 签署停战协定;例句:The armistice ended the fighting but not the conflict. 停战协定止住了战斗,却未化解冲突。 | armi(武器)+ stice(止):放下武器的书面协定 |
| disarmament | /dɪsˈɑːrməmənt/ | n. 裁军;解除武装 | nuclear disarmament 核裁军;a disarmament treaty 裁军条约;例句:The treaty commits both sides to gradual disarmament. 条约要求双方逐步裁军。 | dis-(去除)+ arm(武装)+ -ament |
| proliferation | /prəˌlɪfəˈreɪʃn/ | n. 扩散;激增 | nuclear proliferation 核扩散;the proliferation of weapons 武器扩散;例句:The treaty aims to stop the proliferation of nuclear weapons. 该条约旨在阻止核武器扩散。 | pro-(向前)+ lifer(生育):不断"生"出;近义 spread |
| arsenal | /ˈɑːrsənl/ | n. 武器库;(拥有的)武器装备 | a nuclear arsenal 核武库;reduce one's arsenal 削减武库;例句:The country agreed to cut its nuclear arsenal by a third. 该国同意将核武库削减三分之一。 | 引申"宝库":an arsenal of tools(一大套工具) |
| troop | /truːp/ | n. 军队;部队(常用复数 troops) | withdraw troops 撤军;deploy troops 部署军队;例句:The government announced it would withdraw its troops from the region. 政府宣布将从该地区撤军。 | troops 表"部队"时无单数意义;a troop of monkeys(一群猴子) |
| deployment | /dɪˈplɔɪmənt/ | n. 部署;调动 | the deployment of forces 兵力部署;例句:The deployment of peacekeepers began at dawn. 维和人员的部署黎明时分开始。 | deploy(部署)的名词;IT 语境 software deployment(软件部署) |
| withdrawal | /wɪðˈdrɔːəl/ | n. 撤退;撤回;(存款的)提取 | the withdrawal of troops 撤军;a gradual withdrawal 逐步撤离;例句:Both sides agreed to a gradual withdrawal of forces. 双方同意逐步撤军。 | withdraw(撤回)的名词;经济语境 cash withdrawal(取现) |
| occupation | /ˌɑːkjəˈpeɪʃn/ | n. 占领;职业;消遣 | military occupation 军事占领;under occupation 在占领之下;例句:The city lived under foreign occupation for four years. 这座城市在外族占领下度过了四年。 | occupy(占据)的名词;"职业"义常见于表格填写 |
| geopolitical | /ˌdʒiːoʊpəˈlɪtɪkl/ | adj. 地缘政治的 | geopolitical tensions 地缘政治紧张局势;a geopolitical rival 地缘政治对手;例句:The canal has enormous geopolitical importance. 这条运河具有巨大的地缘政治重要性。 | geo(地)+ political;名词 geopolitics(地缘政治学) |
| hegemony | /hɪˈdʒeməni/ | n. 霸权;领导权 | regional hegemony 区域霸权;challenge sb.'s hegemony 挑战某方霸权;例句:The old colonial hegemony collapsed after the war. 战后旧殖民霸权土崩瓦解。 | 源自希腊语"引领";重音在第二音节 |
| humanitarian | /hjuːˌmænɪˈteriən/ | adj. 人道主义的 n. 人道主义者 | a humanitarian crisis 人道主义危机;humanitarian aid 人道主义援助;例句:The blockade has caused a severe humanitarian crisis. 封锁造成了严重的人道主义危机。 | humanity(人类)的形容词分支;与 humanism(人道主义)关联 |
| asylum | /əˈsaɪləm/ | n. 庇护(所);避难 | seek asylum 寻求庇护;grant asylum to... 给予……庇护;例句:Thousands of refugees sought political asylum in Europe. 数千难民在欧洲寻求政治庇护。 | seek/grant asylum 固定搭配;political asylum 政治庇护 |
| persecution | /ˌpɜːrsɪˈkjuːʃn/ | n. 迫害 | religious persecution 宗教迫害;flee persecution 逃离迫害;例句:They fled the country to escape political persecution. 他们为躲避政治迫害而逃离祖国。 | persecute(迫害)的名词;勿与 prosecution(起诉)混淆 |
| hostage | /ˈhɑːstɪdʒ/ | n. 人质 | hold sb. hostage 扣押某人为人质;release the hostages 释放人质;例句:The rebels released the last hostages yesterday. 反叛武装昨天释放了最后一批人质。 | host(客人)+ -age:古时扣"客"为质 |
| extremist | /ɪkˈstriːmɪst/ | n. 极端分子 adj. 极端的 | a religious extremist 宗教极端分子;extremist groups 极端组织;例句:The attack was blamed on extremists. 这次袭击被归咎于极端分子。 | extreme(极端)+ -ist;反义 moderate(温和的) |
| rebel | /ˈrebl/ | n. 反叛者;叛乱分子 v. 反叛 | rebel forces 反叛武装;rebel against... 反抗……;例句:Rebel forces seized control of the border town. 反叛武装夺取了边境小镇的控制权。 | 名词重音在前 /ˈrebl/,动词重音在后 /rɪˈbel/ |
| uprising | /ˈʌpraɪzɪŋ/ | n. 起义;暴动 | crush an uprising 镇压起义;an armed uprising 武装暴动;例句:The uprising was crushed within a week. 起义在一周之内被镇压。 | rise up(奋起)的名词化 |
| insurgent | /ɪnˈsɜːrdʒənt/ | n. 叛乱分子 adj. 叛乱的 | insurgent attacks 叛乱分子的袭击;例句:Insurgents attacked a government convoy near the border. 叛乱分子在边境附近袭击了政府车队。 | in-(进入)+ surg(涌起):从内部涌起的对抗者 |
| deterrence | /dɪˈtɜːrəns/ | n. 威慑;遏制 | nuclear deterrence 核威慑;as a deterrence against... 作为对……的威慑;例句:The country relies on nuclear deterrence for security. 该国依靠核威慑保障安全。 | deter(威慑、阻止)的名词;de-(使远离) |
| peacekeeping | /ˈpiːskiːpɪŋ/ | n. 维和(行动)adj. 维和的 | peacekeeping forces 维和部队;a UN peacekeeping mission 联合国维和任务;例句:UN peacekeeping forces patrol the buffer zone. 联合国维和部队在缓冲区巡逻。 | peace + keep + -ing;派生词 peacekeeper(维和人员) |
| reconciliation | /ˌrekənsɪliˈeɪʃn/ | n. 和解;调和 | national reconciliation 民族和解;a reconciliation between A and B 甲乙双方的和解;例句:The commission promoted reconciliation between the two communities. 该委员会促进了两个社群之间的和解。 | reconcile(使和解)的名词;会计语境 bank reconciliation(银行对账) |
| concession | /kənˈseʃn/ | n. 让步;(特许)经营权 | make concessions 作出让步;as a concession to... 作为对……的让步;例句:Both sides refused to make concessions at the talks. 双方在谈判中都拒绝让步。 | concede(让与)的名词;商业语境"特许经营权" |
| stalemate | /ˈsteɪlmeɪt/ | n. 僵局;僵持 | reach a stalemate 陷入僵局;break the stalemate 打破僵局;例句:The talks ended in stalemate, with no agreement reached. 谈判以僵局告终,未达成任何协议。 | 源自国际象棋"僵局";与 deadlock 近义 |
| ultimatum | /ˌʌltɪˈmeɪtəm/ | n. 最后通牒 | issue an ultimatum to... 向……发出最后通牒;例句:The rebels issued an ultimatum: release the prisoners within 48 hours. 反叛武装发出最后通牒:48 小时内释放被押人员。 | ultimate(最终的)的名词;复数 ultimatums |